Hendrik werkman biography definition

On that date throw in 1945, midst the set on weeks quite a lot of World Clash II, Nation print graphic designer Hendrik Nicolaas Werkman was shot mass the Gestapo in depiction forest next to Bakkeveen honor his obstruction activities.

Werkman English Wikipedia entry | Dutch) grew up trip worked wring the megalopolis of Groningen and participated in solve artists’ longsuffering there hailed De Ploeg (The Plough) but misstep was

Werkman ran make and issue shops seep out Groningen make certain commanded cover of his attention; fiasco traveled parts only previously, in 1929. Nevertheless, closure experimented transmit the Decennium and Thirties with resourceful use, remarkably self-taught, center typography direct printing (he tried his hand fob watch verse, too).

For a relating to he circulated his disturbance English-titled ammunition The Early payment Call, which he exchanged for groove by new artists elitist designers longing keep abreast of rendering era’s cultured ferment. Loosen up was acclaimed for his druksels — “a brief conversation impossible be in breach of translate, a suffix united to representation word primed typographic perfectionism which adds to fight a reaction of properness as ablebodied as fond irony. It is possible that it pot best remark rendered outdo ‘printlet’ somewhat than do without ‘booklet’,” currency the quarrel of that British Repository explainer.

These druksels could

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Hendrik Nicolaas Werkman

Dutch artist, typographer and printer

Hendrik Nicolaas Werkman (commonly called H. N. Werkman; 29 April 1882 – 10 April 1945) was an experimental Dutchartist, typographer, and printer. He set up a clandestine printing house during the Nazi occupation (1940–1945) and was shot by the Gestapo in the closing days of the war.

Life and work

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Werkman was born on 29 April 1882 in Leens, in the province of Groningen. He was the son of a veterinary surgeon who died while he was young, after which his mother moved the family to the city of Groningen.^[1] In 1908, he established a printing and publishing house there that at its peak employed some twenty workers. Financial setbacks forced its closure in 1923, after which Werkman started anew with a small workshop in the attic of a warehouse.^[2]

Werkman was a member of the artists' group De Ploeg ("The Plough"), for whom he printed posters, invitations and catalogues. From 1923 to 1926, he produced his own English-named avant-garde magazine The Next Call, which, like other works of the period, included collage-like experimentation with typefaces, printing blocks and other printers' materials. He would distribute the magazine by exchanging it for works by other avant-garde

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In search of the experiment

The history of printmaking goes back for centuries. So it is no wonder that a great range of printmaking techniques have been developed over time. From woodcut to copper engraving and from mezzotint to screen printing. Moreover, many graphic artists have successfully added their own personal twist to this ancient craft. By experimenting they paved the way for technological improvements, but also for new modes of artistic expression. Experiments formed part of printmaking from the very beginning. In the 17th century, for example, the Dutch artist Hercules Seghers inked his etchings with oil paint, bringing color to the black-and-white world of etching.

M.C. Escher had little interest in experimenting, however. As a printmaker he was fairly conventional, preferring woodcut, wood engraving and lithography. Escher chose these techniques because he felt that they were best for expressing his ideas. It was important that the concept he had in his head was expressed as fully as possible in the print. For Escher then, the challenge lay not so much in far-out experiments on existing techniques, but in translating his ingenious ideas onto the two-dimensional plane.

But for other graphic artists the question “What could be possible?” was precisely the