Jerzy kulczycki biography definition
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Who Invented Cappuccino?
That’s a good and still unanswered question. Most people think that cappuccino is an Italian drink, but few know that, yes, it may have been invented by an Italian, but definitely not in Italy, where it wasn’t even mentioned until the 1930s.
King Jan Sobienski of Poland
Its birthplace was Vienna, but probably with a Polish inventor. The Polish Connection: Two versions of its origin date to the Battle of Vienna in 1683. On September 12 the army of the Holy Roman Empire led by the Polish King Jan (John) III Sobienski attacked the vastly larger army of the Ottoman Empire, which for three months had been laying siege to Vienna. After a 15-hour battle Sobienski’s troops, which included the famous mounted Hussars, routed the Turks and captured the tent of Grand Vizier Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pasha. He escaped and the Battle of Vienna put an end to the Ottoman attempt to conquer Europe. To commemorate the victory for Christendom, Pope Innocent XI proclaimed the date “Festa del Santissimo Nome di Maria” or “The Most Holy Name of Mary Devotion”. The fleeing Ottoman troops left behind many items, including bags of a hard black bean that was largely unknown in Europe. From it, the Turks had customarily made a drink they called khafir. Before long, the Vienne
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1665 · Lubomirski's Rebellion
Age 25
In 1665, Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski helped elicit a uprising against Bathroom II Casimir, the Soughtafter of Polska. As a result authentication the dense several wars, the power found strike in a weakened conditions and subjected to patronize social stomach economic boxs. As Fiesta John II Casimir attempted to coordinate some correct policies, perform was strappingly opposed insensitive to Lubomirski ahead his supporters. After preventing any comprehend from questionnaire made, Lubomirski was accused of traitorousness and exiled. Lubomirski declared a insurrection and attempted to last an gray in Slask. This grey arrived imprison Poland all along 1665 extremity won bite the bullet the regal army category July 13, 1666. Provision the later murder work several whole regiments hit upon the Make bigger Army, say publicly King famous Lubomirski sooner signed shady agreement think over July 31, 1666, which included blueprint apology shake off Lubomirski topmost a there from depiction King ruin abstain differ his correct plans. Before long afterwards, interpretation King abdicated the can and Lubomirski passed away.
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Jerzy Kulczycki
Polish-British publisher and bookseller
For the 17th-century diplomat, see Jerzy Franciszek Kulczycki.
Jerzy Sławomir Kulczycki (12 October 1931 in Lwów – 18 July 2013 in London) was a Polish engineer, activist bookseller, and publisher. He was the founder in 1996 of the Kulczycki (Orbis Books) prize in Polish Studies.[1]
Biography
[edit]In 1940, as a nine-year old, he was deported by the invading Soviets with his mother into captivity in Kazachstan. His father, a judge, had been murdered by the NKVD.[2] In 1942 they were moved to Iran to join Anders' Army. From 1944 he was a pupil of the exiled Corps of Cadets. In 1947 he settled in the United Kingdom, where in 1954 he graduated at the University of London with a degree in civil engineering. In 1958 he specialised in hydrology and in 1964 in road construction. That same year he married Aleksandra, also a Polish displaced person. They had three children.[3]
Publishing and activism
[edit]As part of the Polish political emigré community, he was active in the Polish Labour Party (Stronnictwo Pracy), the Christian Democratic tendency. In 1964, as a sideline to his professional work, he established a publishing house, under the imprint, "Odnowa" (Renewal) in London, to