Philip louis xiv biography timeline
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Louis XIV’s youth was noticeable by depiction upheaval disseminate the Fronde (1648-1653), which left him with a lasting fear of disorder. The Fronde abstruse shown guarantee the queenly judges fend for the Parlement, interpretation great nobles, the unsophisticated political elites, and description common followers could come to blows pose threats to imperial authority. Louis Cardinal would force to check that no person of these groups would be allowable to combat the medial government in the same way they difficult during representation Fronde.
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Philippe I, Duke of Orléans
French prince; founder of the House of Orléans
For the first Duke of Orléans named Philippe, see Philip of Valois, Duke of Orléans.
| Philippe I | |
|---|---|
Portrait by Pierre Mignard | |
| Born | Philippe, Duke of Anjou (1640-09-21)21 September 1640 Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Kingdom of France |
| Died | 9 June 1701(1701-06-09) (aged 60) Château de Saint-Cloud, Kingdom of France |
| Burial | 21 June 1701 Basilica of St Denis, France |
| Spouses | |
| Issue more... | |
| House | Bourbon (by birth) Orléans (founder) |
| Father | Louis XIII of France |
| Mother | Anne of Austria |
| Signature | |
MonsieurPhilippe I, Duke of Orléans (21 September 1640 – 9 June 1701) was the younger son of King Louis XIII of France and Anne of Austria, and the younger brother of King Louis XIV. He was the founder of the House of Orléans, a cadet branch of the ruling House of Bourbon.
Styled Duke of Anjou from birth, Philippe became Duke of Orléans upon the death of his uncle Gaston in 1660. He was also granted the dukedoms of Valois, Chartres and Nemours. Known as le Petit Monsieur or simply Monsieur, Philippe was a distinguished military commander and took part in the War of Devolution and the Franco-Dutch War, the latter of which saw his victory over Willia
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Louis XIV (1638-1715)
Louis XIV, c.1701 ©Louis XIV, the 'Sun King', was king of France from 1643 to 1715 and widely held to be the greatest monarch of his age.
Louis was born on 5 September 1638 at St Germain-en-Laye. He became king at the age of four on the death of his father, Louis XIII. While Louis was a child, his mother, Anne of Austria, served as regent, assisted by Louis XIII's chief minister, Cardinal Mazarin.
Louis's early years were marked by a series of rebellions against his mother and Mazarin, which were known as the 'Fronde'. These created in him a lifelong fear of rebellion, and a dislike of Paris, prompting him to spend more and more time in Versailles, southwest of Paris. In 1660, he married Maria Theresa, daughter of Philip IV of Spain.
When Mazarin died in 1661, the 23-year-old Louis decided to rule without a chief minister. He regarded himself as an absolute monarch, with his power coming directly from God. He carefully cultivated his image and took the sun as his emblem. Between 1661 and 1689, he built a magnificent palace at Versailles and moved his government there from Paris in 1682.
In the early part of his reign, Louis worked with his finance minister, Jean-Baptiste Colbert, to tighten central control over the country, reviving the use o